COMPOUND OVERVIEW

MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome — making it one of a class of mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) that play roles in cellular communication and metabolic regulation. Unlike nuclear-encoded peptides, MOTS-c is translated from mitochondrial ribosomes and acts as a retrograde signal between mitochondria and the nucleus. It has attracted intense research interest for its ability to regulate metabolic pathways, activate AMPK signaling, improve insulin sensitivity, and counteract age-related metabolic decline, positioning it as a compelling subject in metabolic and longevity research.

MECHANISM OF ACTION

MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus in response to metabolic stress, where it directly regulates gene expression of metabolic pathways — particularly those governing glucose and lipid metabolism. It activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) and its downstream pathway, promoting fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial biogenesis. MOTS-c also inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis via AICAR accumulation, which independently activates AMPK. Its expression decreases significantly with age in multiple tissues, and its administration in aging research models has shown reversal of several age-associated metabolic parameters.

RESEARCH APPLICATIONS

• Mitochondrial-nuclear retrograde signaling research
• AMPK pathway activation and metabolic regulation studies
• Insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis research
• Aging and longevity research — mitochondrial peptide decline models
• Exercise physiology and metabolic adaptation research
• Obesity and lipid metabolism research models
• Mitochondrial biology and biogenesis studies

KEY RESEARCH FINDINGS

• Research in mouse models demonstrates MOTS-c administration improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance significantly
• Studies show MOTS-c activates AMPK in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue — mimicking caloric restriction effects
• Aging research reveals MOTS-c levels decline with age in human plasma, with administration reversing age-associated metabolic dysfunction in preclinical models
• Exercise studies show MOTS-c is released by muscle during physical activity, acting as an exercise-induced metabolic signal
• Research confirms MOTS-c nuclear translocation during metabolic stress and identification of its direct gene regulatory function

STORAGE & HANDLING

• Store lyophilized at -20°C; stable up to 24 months
• Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water; stable at 2–8°C for 28 days
• Avoid freeze-thaw cycles after reconstitution
• Protect from UV light
• Handle with sterile technique; appropriate for subcutaneous research protocols

SPECIFICATIONS

DISCLAIMER: This compound is sold strictly for laboratory and research purposes only. It is not intended for human consumption, clinical use, or veterinary application. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. For use by licensed researchers and qualified professionals only. You must be 21 years of age or older to purchase.

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